Introduction to Economic Growth

Question: 1-How would growth be able to be measure? 2-Approaches to considering development? Monetary methodology Social system way to deal with business development Managerial methodologies 3-How do little firms grow?which is ( greiners'1972 stage development model)? 4-Strategies to conquer development? Answer: 1. Monetary development can estimated as far as increment in the estimation of the yield created by the organizations in a given time span. Development of firms is ascribed to a few elements like market economy, financial conditions, and gracefully and request. The requirement for the item and the escalated development of GDP to populace characterizes the development of a segment or industry. Numerous countries however have broad assets yet the development gets limited because of a powerless GDP. 2. Development can be estimated through numerous strategies. A portion of the unmistakable techniques are as following: Financial methodology: This technique centers around the monetary strategies like GDP, GNP and estimation of products created and so forth. This technique essentially attempts to comprehend development more from a quantitative point of view. Informal organization approach: This strategy attempts to comprehend the connection among people and associations. This technique attempts to investigate the different associations and complex structure of how individuals and society connect with associations and make mindfulness about the items and development cycles I the since quite a while ago run. Administrative methodology: This technique attempts to centers around the development through monetary investigation and utilization of different econometric apparatuses in a precise and productive manner. 3. Greiners development model depends on five phases. They are as per the following: a. Development through inventiveness b. Development through course c. Development through appointment d. Development through coordination e. Development through union As indicated by Greiner little firms need to follow these means to advance development over the long haul. 4. Development hindrances can be defeated through key arranging and legitimate designation of assets and by effective use of monetary apparatuses and investigation which can make each association remain on the highest point of the world regardless of troublesome circumstances in the business cycle. References: Jones, Charles I; 2012 Introduction to Economic Growth, W.W. Norton and Co., Second Edition, New York Romer, David; 2006 Advanced Macroeconomics: McGraw-Hill, New York

Finding a Reliable Essay Writing Service

Finding a Reliable Essay Writing ServiceWith the recent rise in demand for online college courses, more students are opting to do their assignments from home. The question that most parents have is where to find a reliable essay writing service that will help with the writing of college essays. In this article, we will cover some ways to find such a service.First off, take the time to look at the testimonials listed on the website and determine which service seems to be the most successful. You can always look for testimonials on the Better Business Bureau website. Check the actual experience of past clients before you choose to work with any one company.Secondly, look at the company's website to determine how reliable the service actually is. Some writing services may charge the client a fee in order to complete the assignment. If you feel like your money is being wasted on the assignment, ask if there is any additional fee for the service.Thirdly, find out what type of assistance i s offered to students who are doing their essays in person. This is especially important if you know that most of your student's friends may not be available to attend your child's college course. In that case, you can opt to find someone who is a student of the same college.Fourthly, make sure that the company has a written contract that explains exactly what is expected from the client and what specific experience is required. While many would want to save their money and write the assignment on their own, having a written contract ensures that both parties are happy.Finally, find out if the company offers a guarantee that you can use and that guarantees the quality of the writing. Some companies may have a low rate because they do not have experience or because they are making up the rates as they go along. Keep an eye out for a reliable essay writing service that offers a guarantee.Choosing a quality essay writing service that has experience and a written contract is much better than choosing a cheap one that promises the world. Keep in mind that some of the best essay writing services are some of the cheapest but also charge the client higher rates because they cannot offer the student's company a decent level of service.The last thing you need is for your writing service to give you quality work and not try to rip you off. Make sure you take the time to research the company and their services so that you can be confident in your ability to complete the task on your own.

People attend college or university for many different reasons Essay

Individuals go to school or college for various explanations behind (model, new encounters, vocation arrangement, expanded information). For what reason do you think individuals go to school or college? Utilize explicit reasons and subtleties to help your answer. Individuals go to school or college for a wide range of reasons. Nonetheless, as I would see it, I imagine that individuals go to school or college since they need to get ready for their profession and to build information. Presently I expound the two reasons why I think along these lines. The primary motivation behind why I think individuals go to school or college is on the grounds that they need to plan for their vocation. Nowadays, many individuals attempt to go to celebrated or excellent universities. By entering the school, it demonstrates that the individual had endeavored to enter the school and has assimilated great information from the school, which causes the individual to get the vocation the individual needs. Since a great deal of organizations need the best specialist they can get the opportunity to improve the estimation of the organization. Subsequently, by going to school or college, individuals can get vocations simpler. This is the principal motivation behind why I feel that individuals go to school or colleges to get ready for their profession. The second motivation behind why I think individuals enter school or college is on the grounds that they need to build their insight. Schools and colleges give the best data and information for the understudies to learn. By taking top notch classes from school, they will get progressively smart. In addition, understudies will learn life exercises and encounters which will help them next time when they are in an equivalent circumstance later on. Understudies will be more astute than they were previously, making a stride nearer to getting a profession they need, and another bit nearer to achievement throughout everyday life. In this way, individuals go to school or college to acquire information. There are different reasons why individuals enter school or college. In any case, the two reasons above plainly expresses that I accept individuals take care of school to improve their insight and to get ready for their profession.

Side Effects Essay - 1100 Words

Side Effects (Essay Sample) Content: Name:Instructor:Course:Date:ESSAYThe movie entitled Side Effects  directed by Soderbergh Steven is a psychological thriller-neo-noir movie that reflects a number of ethical dilemmas or violations, which can always be found in psychiatrist practice. The movie that involves a woman turning to prescription medication in order to handle the upcoming release of her husband from prison constitutes a number of intrigues including a conspiracy that can be employed to unveil the various ethical violations found within practice in psychiatry. Using the APA Codes of Ethics, this paper will identify the various ethical violations found in the movie Side Effects  and the possible implications of these violations for both the psychiatrist and the client if left unchecked. The paper will further provide the progression of action that ought to have been taken for the psychiatrist.The movie entitled Side Effects  starts by an anticipated release of the husband to Emily Tailo r Martin after serving a prison sentence of four years following an involvement in an insider trading. After sometime, Emily (Mara Rooney) while driving rams into a concrete wall in an ostensible suicide attempt. The psychiatrist assigned to her Jonathan Banks fears for her safety and thus agrees to release her from the hospital provided that she attends sessions with him frequently. A sequence of anti-depressants prescribed by her doctor, Jonathan Banks is not working. Jonathan contacts Victoria the previous psychiatrist to Emily who in turn gives a suggestion that Emily be put on a new drug called Ablixa. The current psychiatrist to Emily is very reluctant to place his patient on the new drug, which is actually an experimental drug until the time his patient attempts a second suicide trial by trying to jump on to a subway track. A bunch of violations in psychology are committed at this point ranging from confidentiality to therapy.According to the APA ethics code, psychologists have the primary role and take precautions that are reasonable to guard confidential information acquired via any medium, and recognizing the limits and extents of confidentiality can be regulated using law or established by rules of institution or scientific or professional relationship. In most cases, insurance companies, employers, and other interested stakeholders usually ask the psychologists to give information regarding their clients. The ethics code stipulates that the psychologists may share extremely minimum information only when necessary. The code further states that the psychologists require being aware of the privacy limits and explaining the way the confidential records are kept. By Jonathan deciding to ask the former doctor to Emily, Victoria about new drugs when the first anti-depressants dint work, the APA code of conduct regarding confidentiality was violated.The APA code of ethics also talks about the end of therapy regarding the prescribed drugs. The ethics states that the psychiatrist needs to be aware of the difference between the abandonment of a treatment and the termination of the same treatment. The psychologists are also allowed to ethically stop or terminate treatment when their clients are not benefiting from the administered therapy. Jonathan had an ethical right to discontinue the treatment given that it was not working, but was reluctant to do so even after consulting Victoria, which was another violation of the ethics codes. However, the medication was eventually stopped by Jonathan after another suicide attempt by his client. The new medication seems to work and thus enabled Emily to operate normally apart from the occasional episodes of sleep walking, which is a side effect of the new drug. Due to the effects of the drug, Emily stabs her husband to death experiencing the new drug's side effect (sleep walking). The question of the competence of the doctor also arises owing to the fact that he could not stop or disconti nue the second medication irrespective of the side effects, which were obvious and harmful to the client and the other people around the patient. This is so given that Jonathan (Jude law) had ethical obligations to discontinue the medication.Emily is taken to a trial where her doctor Jonathan fights hard for her acquittal. Emily agrees finally to an insanity plea deal and she is declared as not guilty provided that she accepts to stay in a mental clinic or institution until she is eventually cleared by a psychiatrist. Jonathan has a bad publicity because of the Emily's case and this leads to his colleagues leaving him and eventual removal from clinical trials. This implies that the district attorney may no longer be able to consult with Jonathan as Emily's doctor. Jonathan believes that there exists nothing wrong that he committed and thus starts an investigation into the case where he eventually learns about a conspiracy. The conspiracy investigations reveal that Emily was in a se at belt prior to the first accident and that Victoria was the only doctor (psychiatrist) who reported the new drug's (Ablixa) side effects of sleep walking. The investigations further reveal that Victoria and Emily had conspired together. According to the investigations by Jonathan, Emily went to Victoria to be counseled because Victoria had the same plight as her of being abandoned by a husband and the two women began relationship. The two women taught each other regarding the financial world and how to fake the psychiatrist disorders. They then faked the drug's side effects to manipulate the manufacturer's stock prices of the new drug and the competitors thus making a lot of money and becoming rich through the stock prices change.An interesting violation is also depicted from the movie following the uncovering of the ongoing conspiracy by Victoria and Emily. The APA ethics code regarding multiple relationships state that one's psychiatrist is not supposed to be one's friend, s ex partner, or client. This is because the psycho...

Effects of quotas on importing and exporting countrys trade - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 11 Words: 3419 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Statistics Essay Did you like this example? LITERATURE REVIEW This chapter starts with a theoretical framework. It discusses what quotas are followed by the models showing the effects of quotas on importing and exporting countrys trade. A large body of literature attempts to predict the likely impact of removal of quotas on textiles and clothing. The results of these studies are included in this chapter. 3.1 Theoretical Framework There are many forms of protection in world trade. They include tariffs and non-tariff barriers. Tariffs, which are taxes on imports of products into a country or region, are amongst the oldest form of government intervention in economic activity. They are implemented because they provide revenue for the government and protect the domestic industry from foreign competition. Non-tariff barriers include voluntary export restraints, technical barriers to trade, and import quotas. The effects of all these tariff and non-tariff barriers on importing and exporting countries are almost identical. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Effects of quotas on importing and exporting countrys trade" essay for you Create order Quotas restrict the imports of specified products by setting a maximum quantity or value of goods authorized for import. Different types of quotas exist, such as global quotas, bilateral quotas, seasonal quotas, quotas linked to export performance, quotas linked to the purchase of local goods, quotas for sensitive product categories, and quotas for political reasons. In this context, quotas refer to the limits placed on the quantity of different categories of clothing (e.g. knitted T-shirts, sweaters, gloves) and textiles (e.g. knitted fabric, acrylic yarn, cotton fabric) that can be exported to the US, Canada and the European Union (EU). Under the ATC system, garment and textile-producing countries were assigned a maximum quantity that they could legally export to the US, Canada and the EU during a particular time frame. The quotas set by the ATC differed by country and per product. The allocation of quotas was generally based on historical export levels (Appelbaum, 2004). The quotas operated under the Agreement on Textiles and Clothing were originally introduced under the MFA. The main purpose of these quotas was that they were imposed only by specific countries, on exports from specific countries. Another purpose was that the importing countries allowed exporting countries to allocate the quotas. Quotas effects are not easy to understand since they are very complex and require a global perspective to be taken. To a better understanding of the effects of quotas on both importing and exporting countries can be gained from the use of, diagrammatic models. The first diagram model used here shows the effects of quotas on importing countries. Importing countries imposed quotas as a device for restricting imports than tariffs. This is because they are more predictable. They ensure that imports cannot exceed a certain amount, whereas, with a tariff, the precise effect on the volume of imports is uncertain, depending on the slope of the demand and supply curves. When the quota imposed the price of the product became OP* from OP. Sd + quota is the domestic supply curve with the quota added. Demand of the product falls to OQ3 because of the high price and domestic supply increases to OQ2. Imports, also falls, because of the quota constrained at Q2Q3 = WV. In case of importing country profit goes to the person who imported the product at the price OP and sell it on OP*, not to the government (area C in Diagram). If government auctions the quotas than importers have to buy a licence of the quotas to import the products, than the profit will go to the government. The main advantage of the quota is that domestic production increases because the imports decrease, however, consumption of the product also decreases. However, in some respects quotas are more damaging than tariffs for the importing country. Like quotas allocated on the basis of share of the importer in the market and once allocated, it is difficult for more efficient importers to import more if their quota has been already used up. To understand their effects on exporting countries it is important to distinguish between the prices of restricted and unrestricted markets. A simple diagram model can be used to present the basic economic implications of the MFA quotas for exporters (Figure 3.2). As in Kathuria, Martin and Bhardwaj (2001), the diagram is kept simple by basing it on the Armington Assumption, which states that the products produced by this group of exporters are not the same as the products of other countries. This assumption allows well-defined import demand curves to be drawn for quota-restricted products in the restricted country (DR) and in the unrestricted country (DU). The point where these two demand curves meet horizontally gives the global demand (DT) for the products of the restricted countries. In the absence of any quotas, as in figure 3.2, the price will be the same in restricted and unrestricted countries. In the unrestricted equilibrium represented in figure 3.2 the same price applies in both the restricted and unrestricted countries, because the restriction comes in figure 3.3. When quotas are introduced in restricted markets the quantity exported to those markets declines as shown in figure 3.3. The price received for exports to restricted markets increases from (PW) to (PR), because of the restrictions and the price received for exports to unrestricted markets declines from (PW) to (PU). The overall demand curve of country (DT) becomes steeper and less elastic. Because the original price of the output falls, the volume of output automatically declines. Whether static welfare increases or decreases depends on whether the net gain from quota rents in restricted export markets compared with the situation in figure 3.2, represented by the crosshatched area in figure 3.3 outweighs the losses in the vertically shaded area in figure 3.3. However, the overall effect of the ATC quotas on a countrys economy cannot be determined simply by the economic effects shown in figure 3.3, although it does provide a basis for evaluating the partial effects of quotas on all restricted markets. This model is thus inadequate for evaluating the overall impact of the quotas on a country because it does not take into account the effect of restrictions on other exporting countries. When restrictions applied to competing countries clearly increase the demand for exports from the country of interest, whether these restrictions are beneficial or not for any given country depends upon the importing countries, and on the relative magnitude of exports from each country. To predict the reallocation of textile and clothing production among developing countries, a simple Ricardian analysis suggests that a country will produce and export goods in which it has a comparative advantage. A country has a comparative advantage in producing a good if the opportunity cost of producing that good relative to other goods is lower in that country than in other countries. This depends on the factor endowments of each country and factor requirement characteristics of the produced good. The textile and clothing industries are labour intensive, and the basic input is cotton. Thus, according to the Ricardian model, it is expected that countries with larger labour forces and higher production of cotton will benefit most from ATC expiration, as it will facilitate an increase in their production and exports of textiles and clothing. The abolition of quotas in January 2005 eliminated some, but not all of the distortions affecting global trade in textiles and clothing. While the quotas have been abolished, tariffs on textiles and clothing remain, frequently at very high levels. Furthermore, some of Pakistans competitors now benefit from preferential access to industrial country markets, either under preference schemes such as the EUs Everything But Arms (EBA), or through preferences provided under regional arrangements. Unlike tariffs or export taxes, export quotas are nontransparent in their effects on trade. An analysis of the trade competitiveness situation shows that the phasing out of quotas implies significant changes in the worldwide trade structure, leading to strong output and employment shifts in and between countries. 3.2 Impact of quota elimination on textiles Textile and clothing trade among World Trade Organization (WTO) members is governed by the Agreement on Textiles and Clothing (ATC), which came into force with the WTO Agreement on 1 January 1995. This agreement means that alongside the progressive application of General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) rules, there will be progressive phasing out of quotas in the EU, US and Canada. These quotas were inherited from the Multi-fibre Arrangements (MFA). On 1 January 2005, the ATC expired and all quotas were abolished. This means that all WTO members now have unrestricted access to the European, American and Canadian markets. This has obviously had an impact on major countries/regions concerned. This research addresses the possible impact of quota abolition on Pakistans textile industry. A considerable number of studies have aimed to quantify the economic and trade effects of the ATC phase-out as well as complete textiles and clothing market liberalisation. The majority of studies reviewed were undertaken by universities, economists and international organisations like the World Bank (WB), International Monetary Fund (IMF) and Asian Development Bank (ADB), and in the case of Pakistan, the Export Promotion Bureau (EPB), government organizations, and some institutions. Most of them foresee increases in global welfare as a result of gradual liberalization of the sector with the implementation of the 10-year transitional programme of the WTOs ATC, at the end of which the system of import quotas that has dominated the trade since the early 1960s disappeared. Most of the research covers the global textile industry and the South Asian countries post ATC regime. There is not much research available specifically about Pakistans textile industry in the quota free-regime, the opportunities and challenges Pakistan will face, and whether Pakistan will benefit from this regime or not. This literature review summarises briefly some of the available studies on the impact of the ATC phase-out on the textile and clothing industry. A large body of literature attempts to predict or quantify the likely impact of the removal of quantitative restrictions. Different approaches have been used to address the issue; summary of these studies is given in table 3.1. Diao and Somwaru (2001) estimate that over the 25-year period following the ATC implementation, the annual growth of world textile and clothing trade will be more than 5 per cent than it would be in the absence of the ATC. According to their simulations, this acceleration translates into about $20 billion more trade in the short run (upon implementation) and as much as $200 billion in the long run (25 years). They also predict that, consistent with the trend in the historical data, the world clothing trade will increase twice as fast as the textile trade in the post-quota world. Similar results are reported by Avisse and Fouquin (2001), who found that, as a result of the ATC, the global trade in textiles and clothing will be about 10 per cent and 14 per cent h igher, respectively. Table 3.1 Results of Selected Analytical Studies related to ATC Authors Database Model Characteristics Policy Simulations General Results World Bank (2004) Data collected by authors General equilibrium analyses Quota Removal focus (Pakistan) Overall, the short-run impact of MFA abolition will be positive on the textile sector, negative on clothing. The analysis suggests that Pakistan will benefit substantially from abolition of its own quotas, with the benefits resulting from improved efficiency of resource allocation outweighing the loss of quota rents. Francois and Spinanger (2001) GTAP 4 (Base year 1995) Quota prices for Hong Kong for 1998/99 Standard Static GTAP model Quota removal plus Uruguay Round trade liberalization in the context of Chinas WTO accession. (Focus: Hong Kong) Textile and clothing exports from Asia (especially south Asia) increase substantially. Preferential access to the United States and the EU would be reduced and there would be a shift in demand away from countries like Mexico and Turkey. Terra (2001) GTAP 4 (Base year 1995) Standard Static GTAP model (i) Quota removal and (ii) Quota removal plus tariff reductions (Focus: Latin America) Developing countries subject to the biggest quantitative restrictions would expand their exports at the expense of the importing developed countries, but also of other developing countries which are less restricted (i.e., Latin American countries). Avisse and Fouquin (2001) GTAP 4 (Base year 1995) Standard Static GTAP model Quota removal Output share of Asia increases from 12 percent to 18 percent. Chinas exports would increase by 87 percent, South and Southeast Asias would increase by 36 percent. Latin America and NAFTA would lose 39 percent and 27 percent, respectively. Authors Database Model Characteristics Policy Simulations General Results Diao and Somwaru (2001) GTAP 5 (Base year 1997); Counterfactual analysis using an intertemporal version of GTAP MFA phase-out simulated by improving the efficiency of textile and apparel exports from constrained Countries. Other trade barriers on textile and apparel imports are reduced by 30 to 40 percent in all countries. The annual growth of world textile and apparel trade would be more than 5 percent higher. Market share of developing countries as a whole would increase by 4 percentage points following the ATC. China would gain almost 3 percentage points of the world Textile and apparel market, while other Asian countries would capture more than 2 percent. Non-quota developing countries are predicted to lose about 20 percent of their markets. Matoo, Roy, and Subramanian (2002) Data collected by the authors. Partial Equilibrium. ETEs derived from Kathuria and Bharadwaj (2000). Leontief production. Export elasticities from 1 to 5. Interaction between the ATC and the AGOA rules of origin for Mauritius and Madagascar Under the current AGOA system, the apparel exports of Mauritius and Madagascar would be about 26 percent and 19 percent lower, respectively, following 2005. If AGOAs rules of origin requirement is eliminated, the decline in Mauritiuss exports would be only 18 percent, and Madagascars exports could increase. Lankes (2002) GTAP 5 (Base Year 1997) Standard Static GTAP model Quota removal Total export revenue loss attributed to the MFA quotas estimated to be $22 billion for developing countries and $33 billion for the world as a whole. Source: Commission of the European Communities, 2004 Although the elimination of ATC quotas is predicted to result in an increase in global trade, the impact is likely to differ among countries and regions. For each country, quota elimination represents both an opportunity and a threat. It is an opportunity because markets will no longer be restricted but it will also represent a threat as other suppliers will no longer be restrained and major markets will be open to intense competition. For instance, Lankes (2002) argues that the ATC may lead to a reallocation of production to the detriment of developing-country exporters that have been effectively protected from more competitive suppliers by the quota system. A World Bank (2004) study provides an analysis of potential gains and losses for Pakistan from abolishing the quota system. The study shows that whether Pakistan will be better or worse off depends on the extent to which exports from Pakistan are restricted relative to exports from other suppliers; the strength of the competitive relationship between suppliers; and the extent of complementarities associated with global production sharing, particularly the benefits from increased demand for textiles and clothing as inputs. The general results of the study are, overall, that the short-run impact of ATC abolition will be positive on the textile sector, and negative on clothing. The analysis suggests that Pakistan will benefit substantially from the abolition of its own quotas, with the benefits resulting from improved efficiency of resource allocation outweighing the loss of quota rents. The implications for the clothing sector could be serious, however if no action is taken to improve productivity, output could decline by over 15 per cent, and exports by a quarter. Overall, Pakistans real income may decline by perhaps 0.4 per cent, and real wages could decline slightly if no action is taken to improve productivity. The degree of a quotas restrictiveness can thus serve as a useful, if imprecise means of broadly predicting the likely impact of its removal. Being able to determine which countries are quota constrained and which are not is useful in understanding how particular countries will fare following quota elimination. In the existing literature, the degree of restrictiveness of an MFA quota is often measured in terms of its export tax equivalent (ETE). ATC quotas are administered by exporting countries and impose a cost on exporting firms that is exactly analogous to an export tax. In order to export, a firm in a quota-constrained country has to obtain or purchase a quota (or an export licence). The more restrictive a quotas is, the higher the tax will be. ETEs are obviously zero for non-restrained products or countries. Flanagan (2003) points out that although as many as 73 countries are included in the quota system, some do not fully utilize their quotas. Elimination of an unfilled or non-binding quota has little effect on a countrys ability to export because it could have continued to export to the quota limit in any case. Many estimates of ETEs exist, and they vary for different countries and time frames. Francois and Spinanger (1999) estimate that Hong Kong clothing exporters face an implicit export tax of up to 10 per cent for goods intended for the U.S. market and 5 per cent for the European Union (EU) market. Kathuria and Bhradwaj (1998) report that in 1996, Indian exporters to the United States paid an ETE of 39 per cent (cotton based) and 16 per cent (synthetics), versus 17 per cent (cotton based) and 23 per cent (synthetics) in the EU market. In USITC, the import-weighted ETEs for US imports were estimated to be about 21 per cent for clothing, and those for non-clothing, textile categories were around 1 per cent. In general, the literature reveals that Asian countries are relatively more constrained than other regions. Flanagan (2003) categorizes countries into groups depending on how quota constrained they are in terms of the number of product categories where quotas seriously limit demand. In the group of Countries seriously held back, almost across the board, by quotas were Bangladesh, China, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Pakistan, Philippines, Korea, Sri Lanka and Thailand. At the other end of the spectrum, countries such as Nepal, Oman, Qatar and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) are categorized as Countries whose quotas have been a valuable tool, now threatened. According to Flanagan, China, India and Indonesia have shown the most consistent and widespread near-saturation of quotas for yarn, fabric and garments. Many analysts predict that the market shares of quota-constrained suppliers will increase markedly following 2005. Terra (2001) predicts that clothing production of the restrained exporters, as a whole, will increase by almost 20 per cent, and their textile production will increase by almost 6 per cent. Meanwhile, Terra estimates that the market shares of non-quota constrained suppliers (e.g. Mexico and African countries) will shrink. She predicts a fall in the exports of Latin American countries, which will be displaced by the big exporters subject to restrictions. Mercosur and Chile are predicted to reduce their exports of clothing significantly and their exports of textiles moderately. Avisse and Fouquin (2001) estimate that Asian clothing exports will rise by 54 per cent and their share of the world market will increase to 60 per cent, from 40 percent in 1995. Chinese clothing exports, in particular, will rise by 87 per cent, and their share of world clothing exports will rise by more than 10 percentage points. Both South Asias and Southeast Asias clothing exports will also experience substantial gains, increasing by 36 per cent, combined. On the other hand, Latin American clothing exports are predicted to decrease by 39 per cent. Avisse and Fouquin estimate that Chinese production will rise by 70 per cent, and that of other Asian countries, by 26 per cent. Within a broadly unchanged level of global output, Asias share will rise from 12 per cent to 18 per cent. North American production of clothing 14 will decline by 19 per cent and European production will drop by 11 per cent according to estimates. Diao and Somwaru (2001) provide similar estimates. According to their dynamic model, world market share of developing countries as a whole will increase by 4 percentage points following the ATC. China is predicted to gain almost 3 percentage points of the world textile and clothing market, and other Asian countries to capture more than 2 percentage points. Current non-quota holding developing countries are predicted to lose about 20 per cent of their markets (equivalent to 2.3 percentage points of total world textile and clothing markets) to the restrained ones. In addition to the costs of quotas themselves, the nature or quality of the quota administration system can also restrict an individual countrys exports, and lead to quota underfill. Whalley (1999) points out that many developing countries have built costly domestic administrative structures around the internal allocation of quotas. Krishna and Tan (1998) present empirical evidence that the costs of the export licence system within the restrained countries are significant and that both the licence cost and hidden administrative costs are added to the price of the product prior to entering the foreign market.

The Results of Hostilities in Romeo and Juliet by Shakespeare

Argumentative behavior and hostility can force people to take undesired actions and change their morals. In Romeo and Juliet, many characters experience the rapid moral change in themselves after a fight starts between the Montagues and the Capulets resulting in them only able to follow orders since they sided with a family. Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet delves into the duality that conflict can be damaging and altering in one’s mind as a consequence of Sampson and the Montague guards, Romeo and Juliet, and the Montagues and the Capulets. When honor is at stake, one might find themselves trying to instigate another in order to get attention. Sampson in swayed by the rift between the Montagues and the Capulets forcing him to take pride in†¦show more content†¦SAMPSON: (to ABRAM) Yes, better, sir ABRAM: You lie. SAMPSON: Draw, if you be men.—Gregory, remember thy washing blow. They fight† (Shakespeare 4) Sampson decides to fight and is notified by Gregory that a Capulet kinsman is approaching. Sampson uses this to his advantage so that it will look that Abram started the fight. He felt that in order to truly serve his masters was to get the other family in trouble with the law. This argument between the Capulets and the Montagues has been going on for a long time and has taken a toll on many of their servants. Even though the argument is between the families, Sampson feels the need to support the family and makes things worse. The conflict itself changes Sampson’s mind making a rivalry between Sampson and the Montagues even though the Montagues haven’t done anything to him. Arguments can provide reason for uninvolved people to become involved. Quarrels can force people to break the rules and have unexpected encounters. Romeo breaks the rules and enters the Capulet’s feast where he meets Juliet. As Romeo looked over and saw Juliet for the first time, he fell in love with her instantly and went talk to her. Tybalt hears Romeo’s voice and decides to capture him. (Shakespeare 53) Romeo broke the rules and attended his enemy’s party and fell in love with Juliet there. His family and himself and have always been against each other and Romeo decided to go to the party since his first love, Rosaline wasShow MoreRelatedRomeo and Juliet - theme love Essay examples743 Words   |  3 Pagesï » ¿The author, William Shakespeare, efficiently employs various events and characters in the play, Romeo and Juliet, to convey that love conquers all. Through manipulation of Act 2, Scene 2, also renowned as the Balcony Scene’, Shakespeare effectively demonstrates how Romeo and Juliet’s love surmounts numerous things, in the play. 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This sorrowful play was performed in Globe Theatre as there was large number of people who entirely wanted to watch this interesting play immediately. According to the play it contains a strong violent, and conflict, however ShakespeareRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s The Meddlesome Fairies1313 Words   |  6 Pages As a result of the meddlesome fairies, the plot line is able to reach the collision. The four lovers become tangled within the chaotic web of love, their perceptions of one another shifted, by the help of the mischievous Puck. Exchanges of affection and devotion are quickly reduced to those of hostility and resentment towards one another in an attempt to understand what has happened. Be that as it may, Shakespeare is able t o portray the trivial jealousy between Hermia and Helena in an amusing wayRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s A Midsummer Night s Dream And Romeo And Juliet1502 Words   |  7 Pages The Shakespearean notion of comedy and tragedy have been interpreted by countless critics as absolute contradictions of one another. For instance, there is a belief that the everlastingly romantic tale of Romeo and Juliet is unambiguously a tragedy, just as A Midsummer Night’s Dream is undoubtedly a comedy. Each possesses separate, defining, characteristics which drastically alter the storyline of a play, and develop the end into either one of comedic proportion: in which there is the promise ofRead MoreLight Potrays Positive Feelings in William Shakespeare’s Romeo and Julie618 Words   |  2 PagesWilliam Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet, light initially portrays positive feelings in the young lovers’ lives and interactions, but later brings sadness and despair, which reinforces an overarching theme in the play that all things have good and bad sides to them, including Romeo and Juliet’s love. Romeo first portrays the good side of light in the early stages of his love with Juliet when he expresses his feelings about Juliet at Capulet’s party. When he first sees Juliet, Romeo says, â€Å"O, she dothRead MoreAnalysis Of On Chesil Beach 1557 Words   |  7 Pagescouple on the first night of their honeymoon, where although both are inexperienced, they seem to be in love. Whereas, in ‘The Merchants Tale’, we have an old ‘hoor’ man, desperate for a young wife to present him with an heir. On the other hand, ‘Romeo and Juliet’ is a play about the marriage of two lovers; this view is idealised and has for centuries been perceived as the perfect view of a relationship. ‘The Merchants Tale’s’ narrator is the Merchant who has been married for a little over two months

Bill Gates Essay Research Paper William H free essay sample

Bill Gates Essay, Research Paper William H. Gates III and His Giant Bill Gates, cofounder of the Microsoft corporation, holds 30.7 per centum of its stock devising him one of the richest people in the United States. He was the selling and gross revenues strategist behind many of Microsoft # 8217 ; s package trades. Their package became the industry criterion in the early 1980s and has merely increased in distribution as the company has grown, so much that the Federal authorities is proposing that Microsoft has violated Sherman and Clayton antimonopoly Acts of the Apostless. Bill Gates # 8217 ; first involvement in computing machines began at Lakeside, a private school in Seattle that Gates attended. There he wrote his # 8220 ; first package plan when I was 13 old ages old. It was for playing tic-tac-toe # 8221 ; ( Gates 1 ) . It was at Lakeside that Gates met Paul Allen, who subsequently became cofounder with Gates of Microsoft. There they became friends and # 8220 ; began to mess around with the computing machine # 8221 ; ( Gates 2 ) . Back in the 1960ss and early 1970ss computing machine clip was expensive. # 8220 ; This is what drove me to the commercial side of the package concern # 8221 ; ( Gates 12 ) . Gates, Allen and a few others from Lakeside got entry-level package programming occupations. One of Gates early plans that he likes to boast about was written at this clip. It was a plan that scheduled categories for pupils. # 8220 ; I sneakily added a few instructions and found myself about the lone cat in a category full of misss # 8221 ; ( Gates 12 ) . In 1972 Intel released their first microprocessor bit: the 8008. Gates attempted to compose a version of BASIC ( Beginner # 8217 ; s All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code ) for the new Intel bit, but the bit did non incorporate adequate transistors to manage it. Gates and Allen found a manner to utilize the 8008 and # 8220 ; started Traf-O-Data, a computing machine traffic analysis company # 8221 ; ( Clayton 452 ) It worked good nevertheless, marketing their new machine proved to be impossible. # 8220 ; No one really wanted to purchase the machine, at least non from a twosome adolescents # 8221 ; ( Gates 14 ) . Gates and Allen had more less successful enterprises in get downing a package company. In 1974 Intel announced their new bit: the 8080. The two college pupils sent off letters # 8220 ; to all the large computing machine companies, offering to compose them a version of BASIC for the new Intel bit. We got no takers # 8221 ; ( Gates 15 ) . While at Harvard, the cool thing to make was to slack off on categories for most of the semester and attempt and see how good the pupil could make at the terminal. Steve Ballmer and Gates # 8220 ; took a tough graduate- degree economic sciences class together- Economics 2010. The professor allowed you to wager your whole class on the concluding if you choose # 8221 ; ( Gates 40 ) . They did that, did non make anything for the category all semester, and studied and got A # 8217 ; s. During one of these slack off periods, Gates and Allen found a really little computing machine: the Altair 8800 # 8220 ; ( # 8217 ; Altair # 8217 ; was a finish in a Star Trek episode ) # 8221 ; ( Gates 16 ) . It had a few switches and visible radiations on the forepart that you could acquire to wink, but that was about all. This new bit had great possible, but there was no manner to plan it. After five hebdomads of non traveling to categories, non eating or kiping on a regular basis, their version of # 8220 ; BASIC was written- and the universe # 8217 ; s first personal computer package company was born. In clip we named it # 8216 ; Microsoft # 8217 ; # 8221 ; ( Gates 17 ) . Gates left Harvard on leave in 1975. Microsoft # 8217 ; s large economic interruption came in 1980 when # 8220 ; IBM- the computing machine industry leader- asked Gates to develop an operating system for its new personal computing machine # 8221 ; ( Clayton 452 ) . IBM normally did non utilize external aid in package design or hardware industry, but they wanted to let go of the first personal computing machine in less than a twelvemonth. # 8220 ; IBM had elected to construct its Personal computer chiefly from off-the-rack constituents available to anyone. This made a platform that was basically unfastened, which made it easy to copy # 8221 ; ( Gates 47 ) . IBM bought the microprocessors from Intel and licensed the operating system from Microsoft. Microsoft bought some work from another company in Seattle and hired its top applied scientist, Tim Paterson. The system became known as the Microsoft Disk Operating System, or MS-DOS. Now because of the licensing understanding between IBM and Microsoft, IBM had no control over Microsoft # 8217 ; s distribution of its MS-DOS to other companies who wanted to clone the IBM machine. This determination by IBM is still under great argument. Many industry analysts argue that IBM should hold waited for their ain package developers to develop an operating system or that IBM should hold purchased MS-DOS from Microsoft. However, from a more wide economic image of IBM # 8217 ; s determination, it may hold merely turned out for the good of Microsoft, IBM and the mean computing machine user. Microsoft # 8217 ; s # 8220 ; end was non to do money straight from IBM, but to gain from licencing MS- DOS to computing machine companies that wanted to offer machines more or less compatible with the IBM PC # 8221 ; ( Gates 49 ) . By leting Microsoft to sell MS-DOS to other companies, this made IBM # 8217 ; s Personal computer the industry # 8220 ; de facto # 8221 ; criterion. Wit h other companies scrambling to vie with IBM, Microsoft licensed MS-DOS to these companies and fulfilled one of Microsoft # 8217 ; s ends: # 8220 ; to make the criterion for the industry # 8221 ; ( Jobs 5 0 ) . Compaq Computer of Houston â€Å"launched [ the first ] ringer in 1982 and attained FORTUNE 500 position a light four old ages later† ( Schlender 42 ) . Hundreds of companies followed. MS-DOS dominated the market much like VHS beat out Betamax and how early Television gross revenues boomed. The more people bought the merchandise, the more companies produced it and with the telecasting, the more sets were sold, the more scheduling was available. This was a chief ground why Apple # 8217 ; s Macintosh merely controlled 9 % of the market ( Schlender 40 ) . # 8220 ; The Personal computer narrative would be far different if Apple had licensed its operating system package to other computing machine shapers early on # 8221 ; ( Cook 64 ) . In consequence, they had a monopoly on their ain system and package. Their deficiency of competition kept monetary values up and package choice down. Apple has merely late licensed some Macintosh runing systems to other companies. Microsoft has thrived on the ability to anticipate and understand the computing machine needs of the mean user. After Microsoft made their name with MS-DOS, they started work on a graphical based operating system much like Apple # 8217 ; s Macintosh computing machine. They called it Windows. Windows # 8220 ; swept the market # 8221 ; ( Clayton 452 ) . By 1993 it was selling over 1 million transcripts a month # 8220 ; and Microsoft runing systems ran about 90 per centum of the universe # 8217 ; s PC s # 8221 ; ( Clayton ) . Microsoft had good achieved their end of making the criterion for the industry ( Jobs 50 ) . However, because Microsoft enjoys a close monopoly, get downing in June of 1990, the # 8220 ; Federal Trade Commission, which portions antimonopoly legal power with the Department of Justice, took the first cleft, softly opening an enquiry # 8220 ; ( Cook 64 ) . Many other package companies have # 8220 ; cheered # 8221 ; ( Pain ) the authorities and offered a floo d of aid. One of the large ailments of computing machine makers is that they # 8220 ; must hold to pay package royalties # 8230 ; for every computing machine they ship, irrespective of whether the computing machine is sold with any Microsoft software. # 8221 ; It is # 8220 ; an all or nil trade # 8221 ; ( Rohm 92 ) . Steve Jobs, cofounder of Apple and laminitis of Next, calls Microsoft the # 8220 ; # 8217 ; little opening # 8217 ; through which every other company must squash if it wants to take part in the Personal computer market # 8221 ; ( Schlender 41 ) . After two old ages of probe, # 8220 ; commissioners were deadlocked on whether to register an antimonopoly ailment # 8221 ; ( Cook ) . However, antimonopoly head Anne Bingaman continued the procedure with a high-profile probe. After roll uping information, carry oning interviews, and speaking to Gates, Microsoft signed an understanding that would necessitate Microsoft to do # 8220 ; minor alterations in the manner it licenses DOS and Windows to computing machine makers # 8221 ; ( Cook ) . Federal District Court Judge Stanley Sporkin rejected the proposed statement. Bingaman continued the instance. She hired Sam Miller, a test attorney from San Francisco jurisprudence house of Morrison A ; Foerster. Miller was to head up judicial proceeding against Microsoft. What will come of the case? If Microsoft agrees to the following colony, it will # 8220 ; level the playing field # 8221 ; ( Rohm 94 ) or they could stop up the following AT A ; T. It is up to those in Washington and at Microsoft. If Microsoft looses, # 8220 ; alternatively of merely DOS with its immense portion of the market, if you # 8217 ; ve got three or four runing systems each holding 25 or 30 per centum of the market, you # 8217 ; re traveling to supply a batch more inducement for those people to predisclose or unwrap interface operations to everybody # 8221 ; ( Rohm 94 ) said a attorney for the instance. The operating system that works with all applications and other runing systems wins. That is IBM and Apple # 8217 ; s Taligent and OS/2 # 8217 ; s scheme. Right now Bill Gates is constructing a multi million dollar H2O front place outside of Seattle, equipped with all the technological luxuries that a few old ages ago merely scientific discipline fiction authors could woolgather up, for he and his married woman, Melinda French. He has a 2.5 million dollar book trade that is selling now ( Lyall 20 ) . What is in Gates hereafter? He loves his work at Microsoft and continues to remain involved with running the company. He has gotten with Craig McCaw and announced programs to establish a 9 billion dollar satellite-communications by 2001. He is besides working with Sega, Time Warner and TCI merely to call a few. As for his monopolistic image in computing machine circles, merely clip will state. Cook, William J. U.S. News A ; World Report. # 8220 ; A Pain for Windows. # 8221 ; Feb. 27,1995 p64-66 Clayton, Gary E. Ph.D. Economics Principles and Practices. New York: Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 1995 Economist, The: The World This Week. March 26, 1994 p7 Economist, The: Business. January 22, 1994 p73 Fortune. June 28 1993 Gates, Bill. The Road Ahead. New York: Penguin Group 1995 Lyall, Sarah. Technos: # 8220 ; Are These Books, or What? CD-ROM and the Literary Industry. # 8221 ; Winter 1994 p20-23 Quittner, Joshua. The Seattle Times. Seattle, # 8220 ; Electronic Peek into the Future. # 8221 ; September 5, 1993 D1+ Rohm, Wendy Goldman. Wired: # 8221 ; Oh No, Mr. Bill! # 8221 ; April 1994. p90+ Schlender, Brenton R. Fortune. # 8220 ; Jobs and Gates Together. # 8221 ; Aug. 26, 1991 p50+ Schlender, Brenton R. Fortune: # 8221 ; The Future of the PC. # 8221 ; Aug 26, 1991, p40+

The Keynesian Analysis Of The Demand For free essay sample

Money Essay, Research Paper General Theory? claimed money stock merely of import to the extent that it influenced the i. rate, which led to reverberations ( excite inv. A ; ingestion ) . ? Keynesians ( non K himself ) ? note: pointed to a point where addition in MS would hold no consequence on i. rate A ; hence no consequence on econ in toto. Keynesian Motivations for Money Holding: Motivation for keeping money/cash balances divided in 3 constituent parts: I. ) Transactions. ii. ) Precautionary. ? both income det. three. ) Speculative? one rate det. ? 1. Minutess Motivation: given institutionalised clip slowdowns between reception of factor incomes A ; outgo spendings, a certain sum of money required for normal daily minutess, and existent value of this minutess demand will be closely related to existent income of economy. ? The premise: existent volume of minutess closely related to existent income of economy. ? 2. Precautionary Motive: Cash balances held in instance of unanticipated spendings, basically of a dealing nature ( e. We will write a custom essay sample on The Keynesian Analysis Of The Demand For or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page g. unanticipated medical measure ) . ? Though vary between indivs, sensible to anticipate that in the sum, related to existent income A ; in nominal footings to monetary value level. ? Together? signifier L1. 3. Bad Demand: ( or Asset Demand ) ? for bad fiscal minutess. ? ( To simplify analysis, Keynes assumed being of merely 2 fiscal assets? hard currency A ; consols: involvement bearing, non-redeemable bonds ) . Keynes argued opposite relationship between bond monetary values and involvement rates. ? V. simplified e.g. : say a bond issued for $ 100 paying an one-year voucher of $ 5. ? The effectual rate of involvement consequently 5 % . ? If market rate were subsequently to lift to 10 % , holder of this bond would be able to obtain merely $ 50 when sold? since $ 50 is all that? s needed to give an involvement income of $ 5. ? Equally, had I. rate fallen to 2.5 % , bond? s market value would come close $ 200. ? # 8211 ; Indivs will each hold their ain outlooks of a normal rate of i. rate with which they will anticipate the market rate finally to coincide. # 8211 ; At a high i. rate, indivs will anticipate i. rates to fall and bond monetary values to rise. ? To profit from the rise in bond monetary values indiv.s will utilize their bad balances to purchase bonds. ? Therefore, when i. rates are high, bad balances are low. # 8211 ; At low i. rates, indivs will anticipate i. rates to lift and bond monetary values to fall. ? To avoid the capital losingss associated with a autumn in bond monetary values, indivs will sell their bonds and add to their bad hard currency balances. ? Therefore, when i. rates are low, bad balances will be high. ? # 8211 ; Ultimately, i. rate reached where no one thinks it can travel higher? cosmopolitan outlooks of a autumn ( indicate A in Fig 1b ) ? idle spec hard currency balances zero, as everyone will seek to travel into bonds? in outlook of doing a capital addition. # 8211 ; Ultimately, minimum i. rate such that univ. outlook of a hereafter rise? here no call for bonds with demand for idle balances infinite up to number wealth. ? ( liquidness trap ) # 8211 ; Inverse relationship between rate of involvement and the bad demand for money. ( a ) L1 = Transactions A ; Precautionary MD? ( B ) Speculative MD? ? ? ? ? ? ? ( degree Celsius ) Total MD ( Individual Speculative MD? remainders on premise that indivs have a construct of normal involvement rate: if current market i. rate gt ; normal, outlook that i. rates will fall/bond Ps will rise? so Wholly plus hard currency to purchase bonds? so spec hard currency demand zero. ? If converse, spec hard currency demand space: so implies that indivs either keep hard currency or bonds but non both ) Money Market Equilibrium: # 8211 ; Keynesian theoretical account implies MD increases as i. rates fall. ? Besides implies that increased MS ( Fig 3 ) implies fall in i. rates, which in bend stimulates inv amp ; cons? N spendings, impact magnified by multiplier, ensuing in enlargement of money Nat Inc. ? Whether end product or P addition mostly dependent on unemployed resources/extent of trim capacity. ? But 1 exclusion ( Liquidity trap ) : if i. rates so low that cosmopolitan belief that they? ll rise. ? So no 1 willing to purchase gov. bonds. ? If gov. enlarges MS ( = Money Stock ) , would be no consequence on i. rates ( Fig 4 ) . ? Since money stock at any one clip must be held by person, it would happen its manner into custodies of public. ? But no alteration in income degree, so no desire to add to dealing balances. ? With no desire to buy gov. bonds, merely added to speculative money retentions? implies a minimal restraint on involvement rates. ? # 8211 ; Liquidity Trap? implies powerlessness of Monet pol at a point, where increased Money SK accumulated in idle balances # 8211 ; So K? N Theory suggests that impact of a MS addition will change? ( sometimes cut down i. rates, sometimes non ) , so, unlike trad measure theory, can? t make 1 generalized statement about impact of MS hike. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? i. rates in conventional K? N theory. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? of an hypertrophied MS upon i. rate.

Vera Deakin Essays

Vera Deakin Essays Vera Deakin Essay Vera Deakin Essay Vera Deakin had a MASSIVE part in World War 1 as she was the driving force of the wounded and missing Inquiry Bureau. The aim of the bureau was to provide information to the families of Australian soldier’s, to notify them if their sons were missing, wounded or dead. This bureau was SO important as it was the official link between the soldiers and their families. Vera, was the youngest daughter of former Australian Prime Minister Alfred Deakin, she was originally supposed to go into nursing but, went against her father’s wishes to go to Port Said located in Egypt, so she could open this significant bureau.Unfortunately it was forced to move its operations to London as the army didn’t view Deakin’s work in the bureau as favourably to its reputation. As months went on the bureau grew in size and volunteers. Requests for soldier’s information raised to 25,000 a year. For Vera’s efforts in the bureau she was awarded an OBE, which is An Officer of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire. Vera’s significance on Australia’s war was mostly back in Australia.With this bureau ANZAC families were notified if their sons had met any harm on the battle field. This bureau also brought closure to soldier’s families informing them of how the son, husband or father died heroically on the battlefield to protect the lives of the Australian people. This bureau revealed that Australia wasn’t successful in their battles, especially at Gallipoli and it exposed to the Australian public the true consequences that war has.According to the Australian War Memorial archives Vera said What we tried to accomplish as a bureau was to relieve as quickly as possible the anxiety of the relatives in Australia, to make the men realise that we were there to help and assist them in every way in our power, and to shield the authorities from unnecessary and duplicated enquiries. This quote shows and reflects the hardworking na ture of Vera and the significance she played to relieve the anxiety and stress soldier’s families.Vera also received a thankyou from Gunner Arthur Marginson expressing his appreciation on her efforts, he wrote Dear miss Deakin â€Å"I have to thank you for the kind and sympathetic letter I have received notifying me of the manner and details of the way in which my dear Brother met his death in action and the system by which you gain your information reflects great credit on your society which is doing so much now to alleviate the suffering of relations of the men who go out The greatest blow is over now† this is just another example that’s hows the significance of Vera Deakin in her effort caring for Anzac families. In conclusion I believe that Vera Deakin had an immensely important part in the 1st world war, through her missing and enquiry bureau which we can see had a great effect through Vera’s awards and appreciation from the Australian people.

Education and Skills in Japan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Education and Skills in Japan - Essay Example Adult education has also offered to cater for those never had childhood education or those who want to further their informal education. Market offers avenues where the skills acquired through the education system are applied. A balance between education which supply skilled and vocationally-oriented workforce and the market has to be established for viable economy of a country to grow. The future of a country economic growth and development is much dependent on emphasis placed on the education system which supply work force in the market. Education and skills that an individual possesses form the personality and worthiness in the society. The role of education is the social purpose, intellectual purpose, economic purpose and civil/political purpose. The economic purpose reflects that most of those countries with high levels of literacy are the richest countries in the world based on GDP per capita. Market requires education and skills that are able to meet its workforce qualifications successfully. There are usually two approaches i.e. basic scenario and target scenario which if well formulated leads to high levels of employment coupled with high quality jobs for economic growth. Current Market requires individuals who are knowledgeable and well equipped with new sophisticated technologies to offer solutions in the society. The market offers opportunities for employment based on education and skills possessed by an individual but market forces tend to exploit education qualification at the expense of supply and this should be controlled and regulations formulated by government through the ministry of education of different nations to offer terms and conditions for any opportunities that arise in the market. 2 Japan has level of education due to well formulated system after war in the country. The model of education consists of mandatory free basic schooling for children aged 6 to 15 years. Upper secondary not mandatory but about 94% of those who attend lower education enrol and about a 40% of upper secondary graduates make to tertiary education. Today there is high enrolment rate in public institutions leading to high productivity rate in its population. This has led to a mature and learning society with rising incomes, more free time and rise in old population engaged in learning activities. The graph 1.1 below reflects the number of students who advances to high school from the year 1960 to 2001. There is positive growth in percentage from 57.7% in 1960 and tend to stagnate at 95% by the year 2000.3 This indicates high level of retention of students who forms part of 40 % tertiary institutions. Graph 1.2 reflects the gender parity among those who advance to tertiary institutions for the period. Male students dominated female the whole period but it reached at time between 1975 and 1990 when male enrolment decline significantly while that of female kept a positive growth. This led to narrowing the gap from 40.4% male and female 12.5% in 1970 to 46.9% male and 32.7% female in 1990.4 - Source: Asahi Shumbun Newspaper, 2006 Source: Asahi Shumbun Newspaper, 2006 Conclusion Economic prosperity of country heavily relies on education system that produces the work force. Market alone cannot shape the destiny of education and

Film review the film is My Antonia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Film review the film is My Antonia - Essay Example Set in the late nineteenth century Nebraska, the story revolves around the travails of orphan Jimmy Burden, who moves into his grandparents’ (played by Jason Robards and Eva Marie Saint) farm that is located nearby Black Hawk, Nebraska. Young Jimmy is immediately drawn to 15-year neighbor Antonia Shimerda (played by Elina Lowensohn) and they become close friends. Conflict arises when Antonia’s father wants Jimmy to teach her English, whereas Jimmy’s grandfather is concerned about his grandson’s own education. But soon the Shimerda family meets a tragedy and contact with the Burdens is severed as the latter move into town. As the ageing grandparents pool their resources into making their grandson a graduate, Antonia renews her contact with Jimmy as she also now lives in town. The subsequent narrative is about the evolution and endurance of their friendship, which lasts for many years, even as Jimmy takes further strides in his academic and professional life . The relationship between Jimmy and Antonia has a romantic basis to it, but neither of them expresses it in overt ways. The intrusion of the beautiful Lena also disrupts the harmony of their relationship. As Jimmy takes greater interest in Lena, he drifts further apart from Antonia. This element of the relationship adds suspense and intrigue to the narrative and keeps audience interest alive throughout. The adaptation to film comes off well, although some of the smaller characters in the novel do not find space in the shorter film format. Yet, the essence of the novel is fully captured through the strong impression that the character of Antonia makes on the audience. Even as the film moves toward the final denouement, the benevolence and kindness of Antonia lingers on the mind of the discerning viewer, standing as a testament to the film’s overall success. For example, even as she realizes that Jimmy is lost to her, Antonia does not cry foul and neglect her duties toward her family. She carries on bravely and reconstructs her life in a manner fitting the circumstances. When Jimmy eventually meets Antonia toward the end of the film, he finds her living a happy married with children. The film ends upon this note of implicit regard and goodwill for each other. As for the performance given by lead actors, excepting for Elina Lowensohn's stand-out central performance, none of the other actors evince much energy, especially Neil Patrick Harris in the lead role. Even accommodating for the fact that Jimmy Burden is a reserved character in the film, he nowhere nearly capture the emotional turmoil that Cather portrayed so eloquently. One of the larger themes covered by the movie is the disparate treatment meted out to immigrant communities. This is most evident in the ordeals of the Shimerda family in assimilating with the local community in Black Hawk, Nebraska. Willa Cather was a writer of great cultural and social sensitivity. And the film My Antonio successf ully captures the thrust and emphasis of her presentation of American social problems. For example, reviewer Tom Wiener correctly notes in his review article that â€Å"The strongest portrayal in the film is the plight of European immigrants and in particular the young women. As Antonia plaintively says, "Girls like me don't get chances," and although she almost blows what she thinks is her best shot, she does land on her feet--no thanks to the self-absorbed Jimmy. A longer film might

My Tok Moment Essay Example for Free

My Tok Moment Essay My TOK moment was tonight 02/02/12 when the year one students had a batch meeting at the mosque having some games to create a stronger bond between us. As usual this kind of thing made my instinct to escape getting bigger and stronger. So, I decide to sneak out from the program pretending that I had to make some important call. So I ask the permission of our class rep to go out for a while with my best friend. Then we straight forward go to the dewan selera to have an early supper and fortunately the menu for that night is laksa penang. At that time was about 10.45 pm and of course there was no one else except both of us having the supper together. Then came this year one student who was at that time duty at the koop asking and making a generalisation that we are year two students by offering nasi lemak free from koop and fortunately she doesn’t know who we are. I think this was my TOK moment because this particular student has made a generalisation by inductive logic ,since all year one students were having the meeting at the mosque it was impossible that both of us are year one student so she called me â€Å"abang†. So to avoid our identity from being revealed we just pretend that we are full but actually I really want that nasi lemak free.

Personal Narrative On Being Teased and Accepting Yourself :: essays research papers

I had always been comfortable in myself, it never really bothered me how I looked, nor did it seem to bother others, the people who I called friends. As I walked through the door somehow it was as if, overnight I was expected to wear clothes that I felt awkward in (but still looked cute), shoes that hurt my feet, and makeup that clogged my already full pores. I was met with grins and giggles from others. I caught tidbits of what they were saying. ?Look at her shoes! Why is she wearing those? They have holes and don?t even match what she has on.? said anonymous person number 1. I looked down, sure my Chucks were a little faded (okay a lot faded), but they were comfortable and isn?t that what mattered I thought. ?God does she even wash her face anymore, its like erupted, I can?t even see a smooth patch of skin? chimed in anonymous person number two. Its genetic, who are these people, and why are they making me feel bad about myself, I thought. Okay, now as I think back, I will admit that it being the first day of middle school I should have put a little effort in my appearance but, who did I have to impress? Weren?t we coming here to learn? If I was going to sit in a classroom for 8 hours a day I needed to be comfortable. By now I?m sure you have already gathered I was a tomboy. The kind of girl who would rather play with the boys than sit on the sidelines and talk about how ?oh so cute they looked when they caught the football?. Now I think my mother is to blame for this, she never really did give into that girly stereotype that most mothers did. Where I was only going to do cheerleading ?because I?m a delicate flower and all that yadda yadda yadda ya?. She always let me make my own choices and never forced things upon me. Boy did she really mess me up, I mean being so understanding and all. And so my morning went, being verbally assaulted by people who I didn?t even know, scrutinizing every aspect of my wardrobe, being so blunt and uncaring to the fact that I could hear them, I was on the verge of tears. Somewhere in between hearing them trying to figure out why ?

It’s tough being a teenager

The life of a teenager in modern Britain is not easy. There are many different problems young people are forced to deal with in this day and age. The problems of a teenager range from pressures of school exams and completion of tedious work, up to the rapidly increasingly problem of drug abuse. The pressures of exams and schoolwork are a noticeably smaller problem for teenagers in comparison to drug abuse or committing violent street crime. Never the less it is still a problem that makes many peoples lives an unpleasant and traumatic time. The pressure that teenagers are under is due to the climax of school attendance the final G. C. S. E examination which can be either a declaration of a pupil's intelligence and will lead to university placements and an exiting career, or a crippling blow that ends a person's dream of a certain job prospect or placement in further education. Either way the pressure is the same. The most drastic source of teenage problems originates from drug abuse. Due to the common use of drugs and the availability of a vast array of mind altering substances an increasingly social problem is arising. The problems caused from the use of drugs include street crime which is becoming ever more violent in a desperate attempt to evade capture due to the high tech protection systems of homes and shops. Another common outlet which addicts feed their habit with is car theft. The most commonly used people to carry out jobs such as violent killings and car crime a part of a gang which is dependent on drug use. The problems of teenagers are widely publicised in the media and often over exaggerate things and often overlooked as well as things being overlooked. The media has a very important role in a teenagers life, it tells people what is acceptable with regards to fashion and Forces boundaries to be forged within society such as people who skate and listen to heavy metal and the people that listen to trance music and take drugs. The teenage years are also a time where many people feel they must rebel against society through dressing a certain way and acting against a typical stereotype which is in its self a contradictory term when a lot of people rebel and seek individuality by doing the same thing as the previous generations and no doubt the future generations will too feel a need to rebel against their stereotypical role in society. The teenage years are not all bad though the only reason teenagers have a negative reputation for drugs and alcohol abuse and the like is because the people who commit crime are the only ones paid attention to by the media. A Persons teen years are about discovery and freedom with the only real responsibility being school work and the need to find out what they want to do with their lives. Whatever the attitude of teen age years good or bad they are only lived through once and when they have gone they will only ever be looked back on with envois memories. A time where people can enjoy there lives before being thrust into the very difficult and serious world of war and politics and being dependant on working for a living and becoming an adult.

The Innovative Motion Picture Director Stanley Kubrick s...

The innovative motion picture director Stanley Kubrick’s varied his genres from film to film: from comedy, action and all the way to horror. On the other side, the film’s themes remained the same throughout his body of work. They all explored the dark side of the human condition and human nature. The topics dealing with sexual desires, violent urges, corruption, morality vs immorality, the illogical, and personality disorders were all part of this dark human condition. It is almost as if Kubrick wanted to show the real atrocities of the world so that his films could work as wake-up call for the human race, so that his audience could learn and avoid the bad choices his protagonists couldn’t avoid. Kubrick shows us this through the character’s decisions, which tend to be in the immoral side. He also clues us in through his use of surveillance-like camera techniques. Most of his films, including The Shining, use this technique and it implies he wants us to st op being detached observers. He wants us to wake up and help out when we see something bad happening. Other techniques that he uses which help in proving this point, include the use of extreme camera angles, more specifically when the camera is very low in the ground and is looking up to the authoritative antagonist. Kubrick’s consistent use of one-point perspective support the idea as well, since it makes the characters look isolated and with no one nearby to help out. Ultimately, his use of duality, geometry, eerie